LokiBot¶
Banking trojan with a ransomware failsafe. Discovered by SfyLabs (now ThreatFabric) in 2017 and sold on underground forums for $2,000 in Bitcoin. When a victim attempted to remove Device Admin privileges, LokiBot activated a ransomware module that locked the device and attempted to encrypt files. The ransomware component was buggy and only renamed files rather than encrypting them. CISA issued advisory AA20-266A about LokiBot in 2020 due to continued prevalence.
Overview¶
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| First Seen | Early 2017 |
| Type | Banking trojan with ransomware fallback |
| Attribution | Underground forum sale ($2,000 BTC) |
| Aliases | Trojan-Banker.AndroidOS.Loki (Kaspersky) |
Not the Windows LokiBot
The Android LokiBot is distinct from the Windows LokiBot information stealer, despite sharing a name.
Distribution¶
Sold on underground forums. Distributed via phishing SMS, malicious links, and third-party app stores. 30-40 active botnets with 100-2,000 bots each observed by mid-2017.
Capabilities¶
| Capability | Implementation |
|---|---|
| Overlay attacks | Fake login screens over banking apps, Skype, Outlook, WhatsApp |
| Phishing notifications | Used original app icons with device vibration to draw attention |
| SMS interception | 2FA bypass |
| SOCKS5 proxy | Traffic redirection through victim device |
| Contact harvesting | Exfiltrated device contacts |
| Ransomware trigger | Activated on Device Admin removal attempt (buggy: renamed files instead of encrypting) |
Ransomware Behavior¶
The ransomware module was a failsafe against removal:
- User attempts to revoke Device Admin privileges
- LokiBot detects the revocation attempt
- Ransomware module activates, locking the device
- File "encryption" attempts (buggy implementation only renames files)
This dual banking-trojan-plus-ransomware model was relatively unique. Most subsequent families specialized in one or the other.
Related Families¶
| Family | Relationship |
|---|---|
| MysteryBot | 2018 successor using same C2 infrastructure, designed for Android 7/8 compatibility |